Introduction
A living system is a structure that arises in order to solve the dissatisfaction of its elements – also living systems. It cannot arise over “inanimate” elements, only thanks to their properties it itself becomes a living structure.
In the course of modeling work on economic series, some properties were found that could be understood as properties of a living system. They were therefore verified on systems that were reasonably assumed to be live systems. It was about structural knowledge from the field of animal physiology (primarily human) and similar, albeit smaller, in the field of plant physiology. Using the “per analogiam” method, a common, systemic solution – the structure and principle of functioning of a living system – was found with a certain degree of objectivity.
For whom?
The basic question of every organizing system is – for whom it is built, who or what benefits from it. As detective lovers say – qui bono?
For man, it is completely conceivable and logical that, for example, society, as a living system, is created for man, to fulfill his interests. But for whom is a living system built an order lower, namely man himself? Who or what is its element?
The answer was usually the saying that for no one, that in short, evolutionarily asserted itself as the most successful. But for control theory this is not a sufficient answer. So what is its element?
Model works and the approach via analogies offer only one solution. The element of the so-called multicellular living systems is water! This is apparently not such a world-shattering statement, but it has its fundamental and world-shattering 😉 consequences.
The needs of water, its interests and dissatisfactions are therefore solved through it. And just as human society develops under the pressure of its elements, i.e. under the social pressure of man’s ideas and interests, other analogous living systems must also develop.
Dissatisfaction
The system evaluates the dissatisfaction of its elements for a simple reason – its existence rests on the elements, and if they become too dissatisfied, they will leave the system with all the resulting consequences. The system must be able to identify the dissatisfaction of the elements and must be able to respond to it adequately. The degree of satisfaction of all elements of a living system is the degree of its existence.
Elements
The whole scheme of a living system is based on the reason for which it arises. It is a solution to the dissatisfaction of the elements to an extent that is unattainable for the element itself.
The higher-level solution given by the new situation is given by the specialization ability of the elements. Specialized elements are involved in specialized production units. And these are divided from the point of view of the system into two basic groups: the production of food and the creation of suitable conditions for production and consumption.
Production units made of specialized elements – but extended by a more or less complex production structure (technique 😉) created in other production units – are companies in the case of human society and cells in the case of multicellular organisms. A cell is therefore not a living object, but only a productive, specialized unit.
The task of a living system simultaneously defines its two parts. Part of the regenerating, satisfying, not involved in the activity of the system of elements, and the part that creates the conditions for this regeneration, generally the solution of dissatisfaction. These two parts are in a constant process of overflowing. Each element “works” for some time, creates assumptions, but at the same time it is exhausted, its dissatisfaction changes and then it goes to the part for regeneration, where it consumes these created assumptions. The living system then has to ensure that the drawdown of the element during regeneration corresponds to the degree of its involvement and merit in the creation of assumptions.
In the text, the terms dissatisfaction and satisfaction will be used randomly, their meaning is identical – except for the sign.
Regeneration and Dark Matter
An element of a living system, having created common products within the framework of its specialization and received the corresponding remuneration (in society it is money), temporarily leaves these production units and relationships. It enters the “dark part, matter” – that is, a state where it cannot be seen from the living system. Only his activity aimed at solving his own dissatisfaction is observable. It restores its exhausted production possibilities and, as part of this regeneration, prepares to rejoin the system.
For regeneration, for some reason, it is necessary for the element to leave the system, to leave its specialized production relations, e.g. in a company or a cell. This part of the regeneration partly does not correspond to the terminology, it is not a restoration of a previously existing state. It is about the emergence of a new quality, especially in the area of finding new strategies for solving dissatisfaction. The element evaluates past experience and adjusts its past strategies to match possibly changing conditions. This specific part of regeneration – one could perhaps say sleep and its dream – is a completely irreplaceable part of regeneration.
In society, it is a person in the work process and a person in non-working time. In animals, it is the water that is active in the cells and the water that is in the cerebrospinal fluid and the lymphatic system, generally in the intercellular space. Similarly, in plants, it is water, when it is in living cells in an active process, regeneration occurs mainly in the vessels of plants (xylem).
In the case of the least studied – that is, astronomical systems – the essence of this division seems to be normal and dark matter.
In the following text, the term regeneration will be used in this broad, innovative sense. Like restoring elements not necessarily at the previous level.
Evaluation of the Element
In order for the element to subsequently and completely regenerate, it goes out of production. It is therefore necessary to somehow ensure in the system that it “takes away” indisputable information about its involvement in the creation of regeneration assumptions – some evaluation. For a person in a company it is money, for water in cells it is apparently some property in the distribution and dynamics of the charge of its package.
Production units generally operate independently. They have their own control mechanisms, evaluate the involvement of elements in production, solve their evaluation, etc. However, they are also under the influence of a system that moves their activity in the desired directions. In the case of the living system best known to us – human society – it is fiscal, monetary or economic policy.